ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯡ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯇꯦꯄꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ, ꯔꯤꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩ꯫

φ꯸~φ꯱꯱꯰꯰ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ

ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯦ.ꯌꯨ.: ꯗꯤ.ꯄꯤ.꯲꯲꯰꯰ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ: ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯔꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯠꯔꯣꯂꯤꯌꯝ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ, ꯊꯔꯃꯣꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ, ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯝꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯥꯟꯁꯟ ꯖꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯂꯣ ꯂꯤꯀꯦꯖ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁꯨꯠ-ꯑꯣꯐ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯣꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ: -꯱꯹꯶ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ -꯶꯰꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫

ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ: 43.1MPaꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ꯫

ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ, ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯐ ꯕꯣꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ, ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯕꯣꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯣꯗ ꯇꯧ, ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕꯂꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ 15%ꯗꯒꯤ 20% ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯅꯇꯀꯤ ꯇꯣꯔꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯏꯆ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ 5ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯅꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯔꯛ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯈꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯣꯠ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

1. ꯁꯤꯜ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯅꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯔꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯁꯟ ꯇꯣꯔꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯐ ꯕꯣꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯣꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯀꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯟ--ꯍꯥꯔꯃꯐꯨꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯜ ꯄꯝꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯨꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯂꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

꯲, ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯐ ꯕꯣꯛꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

꯳, ꯐꯤꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ꯫

꯱) ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯗꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ; ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ, ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯚ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

꯲) ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯅꯕꯥ꯫

꯳) ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯝ=0.785(ꯗꯤ꯲-ꯗꯤ꯲) × ꯗꯤꯕꯤ × ꯑꯦꯐ/ꯑꯦꯟ

dB – ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ (ꯃꯤꯃꯤ)

F – ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯂꯣꯗ (MPa) ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯏꯗ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ 38MPa, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯡ 26MPa, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ 1.5꯫

ꯑꯦꯟ – ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯠ ꯇꯦꯒꯁ: ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯡ, ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫