ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ (ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯹꯹.꯹꯵%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ) ꯕꯦꯖ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ, **ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ, ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯎꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯃꯣꯗꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ, ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ)ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ(ꯃꯦꯇꯜ, ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯟ-ꯕꯦꯖ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯁꯣꯜꯕ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ "ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ-ꯏꯟꯗꯨꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯀꯦꯌꯔ" ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ;
• "ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯂꯣꯁ" ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ;
• ꯒꯥꯔꯤ-ꯃꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ/ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯁꯤꯅꯥꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ "ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ" ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ "ꯂꯥꯏꯠꯋꯦꯠ ꯗꯤꯃꯥꯟꯗ" ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥ-ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ & ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ꯫
ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ ꯲꯰ μΩ·m (ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯇꯤ.)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ ꯱꯵꯰–꯳꯰꯰ W/m·Kꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯤꯇꯤꯡ (ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯣꯇꯤꯕ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯶꯸%ꯗꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫

ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯤꯛ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ; 0.5mol/L H2SO4 ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ 5,000+ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯤꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ (90% ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯅꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ)꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ & ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯇꯣꯂꯦꯔꯦꯟꯁ ±0.05mmꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯆꯦꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ 0.5–2mm, ꯊꯨꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯥ 0.3–1.5mm) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ/ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ-ꯂꯤꯀꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯤꯒ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ)꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯠꯋꯦꯠ & ꯍꯥꯏ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ 1.7–1.9 g/cm3 (ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ 1/3) ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯀꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ 20–30% ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯴꯰ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯆꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯲꯰ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯞꯇꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ & ꯂꯣ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁ꯫
ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ (ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ), ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯄꯨꯡ 10,000ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ (ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 8/160,000ꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ)꯫

ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯖꯔ ꯀꯥꯔꯒꯣꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯁꯤ.(ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ) ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇ; ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯟꯗꯥꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯁꯤꯡ (H2/ꯑꯦꯌꯔ) ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ/ꯍꯤꯠ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯌꯠꯕ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯣꯡ/ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯁꯟ (1–100 kW)ꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯣꯡꯂꯩ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯏꯃꯤꯁꯟ (ꯔꯤꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ)ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯄꯨꯠ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔꯤ, ꯐꯤꯜꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯛꯌꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯠꯋꯦꯠ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯄꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯊꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯕꯦꯠꯇꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯔꯤꯇꯥꯏꯝ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ-ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯍꯥꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗꯤꯇꯤ, ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦ)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯁꯣꯂꯥꯔ/ꯋꯤꯟꯗ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ, "ꯔꯤꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯕꯜ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ + ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ" ꯍꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯗ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯠ ꯇꯦꯒꯁ: ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ, ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫